THE CONCEPT OF THEME IN LITERARY STUDIES AND ITS EXPRESSION IN THE WORKS OF AHMAD A’ZAM

Abstract

This article examines the theoretical foundations of the concept of theme in fiction and analyzes its expression in contemporary Uzbek prose, particularly in the works of Ahmad A’zam, is known for his psychologically rich storytelling, deep exploration of the human inner world, and skillful use of national color and expressive language. The study investigates the interrelation of theme with idea and problematics, and systematically explores the symbolic, psychological, and social layers that shape thematic structure in the author’s narratives. Employing theoretical and comparative methodologies, the research analyzes how the theme is constructed through imagery, conflict, and symbolic details in Ahmad A’zam’s works such as “The Halo of the Moon” (Oyning gardishi), “The Year of Repression” (Qatag‘on yili), “The Man Who Lost His Shadow” (Soyasini yo‘qotgan odam), and “Toward
Asqartog” (Asqartog‘ tomonlarda). The findings demonstrate that the thematic category in the writer’s oeuvre manifests on two interconnected levels—socialrealistic and psychological-symbolic—and expands through the dynamics of time and space.